题　名  论行为犯  
作　者  刘新新  
作者单位  吉林大学,法学院,长春市 130012  
专　业  刑法学  
指导教师  吴振兴
学位级别  303  
馆藏索取号  3990413  
中文文摘  行为犯作为一种特殊的犯罪形态,在中外刑法理论的研究中尚属薄弱的环节,然而,其研究的理论意义及实践意义却十分重要且十分必要。本文系以比较的方法系统、深入地研究行为犯的相关理论。全文共由四个部分组成:
本文的第一部分,首先将中外刑法理论中关于行为犯的定义进行分类、考察,并在区分行为犯与其相关概念界限的基础上,提出作者本人的行为犯概念,对行为犯概念的基本含义也进行了详尽的剖析,进而,对行为犯的主客观两方面的构成进行了充分论证,提出构成要件行为在行为犯构成中的决定性、危害结果的附属性,以及现实因果关系的不必要性,进而主张,以纯正不作为形式实施的犯罪可以构成行为犯,而以不纯正不作为形式实施的犯罪则是一种结果犯。
第二部分,根据行为犯的构成特征,并结合我国刑法分则所规定的行为犯构成要件的行为,将行为犯划分为举动犯和过程犯,并在比较研究的基础上,对举动犯与过程犯的构成特征进行了深入的分析,阐述了作者本人的见解。进而,将举动犯又分为具有密谋,性质的犯罪构成、具有教唆煽动性质的犯罪构成及具有其他性质的犯罪构成三种基本情况。将过程犯分为单一行为的过程犯、绝对复合行为的过程犯及相对复合行为的过程犯这三种基本情况。
第三部分,根据行为犯的两种基本类型,分别研究了举动犯与过程犯的未完成形态问题,认为举动犯中可以存在预备犯及预备阶段的中止犯,而不能存在犯罪实行阶段的中止犯及未遂犯。而过程犯中虽存在预备犯、中止犯及未遂犯,但并不存在实行终了的中止犯,而且,不论是单一行为的过程犯, 还是复合行为的过程犯,均只存在实行未终了的未遂,而不存在实行终了的未遂。
第四部分,首先将行为犯与危险犯、实害犯等犯罪完成形态在比较分析的基础上进行区分,指出抽象危险犯在我国刑法理论中是不应予以承认的,在区别行为犯与实害犯的研究中,作者选取了几种容易混淆、争议较大的犯罪进行具体分析、说明,以此提出二者更为严格的区分标准。最后,对行为犯的罪数形态问题进行了分析、探讨。

英文文摘  As a kind of particular crime, act offence is still a weak link at the researches in Chinese and foreign theories of criminal law. However, the theoretical and practical significance of the researches is very important and very necessary. This thesis is a theoretical treatise, studying act offence by a comparative method systematically and deepgoingly. It is composed of four parts:
In the first part, the author classifies and examines the definitions of act offence of Chinese and foreign theories of criminal law. On the basis of distinguishing act offence from interrelated conceptions, the author raises her own concept of it, and dissects the basic implication of the concept in detail. And then, after making an adequate demonstration about the constitution of the subjective aspect and objective aspect of act offence, she raises the conclusiveness on the act of constitutive elements the subsidiary on the dangerous consequence and the unnecessary on actual causation. Then, she maintains that the crime being committed by taking the form of pure omission may constitute act offence, but the crime being committed by taking the form of impure omission is the offence of consequence.
In the second part, according to the feature of constitution of act offence, by combining the act of constitutive elements stipulated by the new criminal law of P.R.C, the author classifies act offence into move offence and process offence. On the basis of comparative study, she analyses their feature of constitutions deepgoingly, and elaborates her own ideas. Then, the author classifies move offence into three kinds of basic situations. They are the constitution of crime possessing the characteristic of conspiracy the constitution of crime possessing the characteristic of abutment and the constitution of crime possessing other characteristics. And she also classifies process offence into three kinds of basic situations. They are process offence of single act process offence of absolute compound act and process offence of opposite compound act.
In the third part, according to the two basic kinds of act offence, the author studies their unaccomplished states of the move offence and the process offence respectively. She thinks that preparatory offence and the discontinuous offence of preparation exist in the move offence, but the discontinues offence in conducting crimes and unaccomplished offence don''t exist. However, though the preparatory offence the discontinues offence and the unaccomplished offence exist in process offence, post-completion termination doesn''t exist in it. And, it is unfinished attempt that exists in process offence of single act and process offence of compound act, but the post-completion attempt doesn''t exist.
In the fourth part of the thesis, the author differentiates act offence from other accomplished states such as dangerous offence and actual- damage offence on the basis of comparative analysis, and points out abstract dangerous offence shouldn''t be admitted in Chinese theories of criminal law. In the researches on differentiating act offence from actual-damage offence, she selects several kinds of crimes which are apt to obscure and controvert fiercely so as to analyze and explain concretely, pointing out more stringent differentiating standard between the two. At last, the author analyses and probes into the state of criminal number of act offence.

关键词  行为犯,举动犯,过程犯,自由词  
分类标识  D924  
论文注解日期  19981215  
总页数  55P