题　名  论商誉权的法律保护  
作　者  杨文慧  
作者单位  吉林大学,法学院,长春市 130012  
专　业  民法学  
指导教师  崔建远  
学位级别  303  
馆藏索取号  3990412  
中文文摘  商誉权作为营利性主体的一项重要权利,在经济生活中的作用越来越为人瞩目,其性质的特殊性决定其法律保护方式与其他民事权利有所不同。确定商誉权的法律保护方式的前提是明确商誉及商誉权的法律性质,这是给与其适当的法律保护的关键。本文以此为线索,共分两大部分:
第一部分主要分析商誉权的法律性质。首先从商誉的概念、商誉的产生、商誉的主体、商誉的存在形态、商誉的构成要素、商誉与其它概念的区别等方面进行思考,确定商誉的性质。本文的观点为,商誉既是商主体的一种人格利益,良好的商誉又是商主体的一项无形财产,具有双重属性；其人格性体现为,商誉是因主体的存在和与他人交往而产生的,商誉在离主体的存续期间与商主体不可分离,商誉是商主体存在和发展的必要条件,是社会形态人格利益的一种；其财产性体现为,良好的商誉是商主体的一项经济财富,商誉不具有物质形态,商誉具有可评估性,商誉可用以投资和继承等。然后进一步分析商誉权的法律性质,列举己有观点即“法人名誉说,”、“知识产权说”、“折衷说”分析其不足之处,明确高誉权在主体范围和内容上与其它权利(即名誉权、知识产权)的界限,从而确定了确定了商誉权是一种兼具人格性质和无形财产权性质的特殊的权利。之后又分析了商誉权的性质及内容。商誉权的性质为:商誉权是一种原始权利。商誉权是一种绝为权。商誉权在特定情况下体现出财产性。商誉权的内容为:商誉保有权。商誉维护权。商誉利益的支配权。
第二部分为商誉权法律保护方式的具体分析。首先考察了我国的立法现状及各国立法例,以对民事法律、《反不正当竞争法》和现行《刑法》规定和实践中的判例的分析来说明我国六法和实践的现状，并对我国台湾、德国、法国及英美立法和实践中的经验的分析，进一步认识商誉权法律保护方式的选择提供借鉴。然后提出我国商誉权法律保护的立法构想,即确立以民事法律规范为基础，辅之以《反不正当竞争法》和《刑法》的有关规定，以民事责任为主、行政责任和刑事责任为辅，相互补充、直辖市统一的法律保护体系。并进一步分析了侵害商誉权的行为的构成要件和表现形式,并列举了多种侵权行为的表现形式,使法律对商誉权的保护进一步具体化,具有了可操作性。最后分析了侵害商誉权的法律责任方式及法律责任的具体适用规则,着重分析了损害赔偿责任适用上的特点,即应兼顾对商誉作为无形财产的损失的赔偿,还分析了商誉损失的计算方法。

英文文摘  The right of goodwill, as one of important rights of business, its effect in economic life has been paid more and more attention. Because it''s special character, the way in law to protect it is different from other civil rights. The first thing we must understand well is the character of goodwill and the right of goodwill in order to find the way in law to protect it. It is the key of protecting the right of goodwill. Follow this idea, this paper has been divided to two part.
The first part gives the analysis of goodwill''s character in law. At first, we bring out the character of goodwill from the concept of goodwill, the coming of goodwill, the main body of goodwill, the being form of goodwill, the inscape of goodwill and the distinct of goodwill and other concept. The paper point out that goodwill is not only a intangible assets of business but also a personality benefit of business, the embodiment of it''s personality is that goodwill was come from the exist of main body and the intercourse with others. Goodwill can not be separated from main body in the duration of main body''s existing, it is necessary condition of the main body''s existing and development and it is a kind of personality benefits of society form, the embodiment of it''s personality is that perfected goodwill is a economic fortune of main body. Goodwill was not a state of matter, but it can be evaluated and can be used to invest, inherit, and so on. Second, we analyzed the character in law of the right of goodwill. List the existed option, such as "The theory of the honor right of corporation". "The theory of the right of knowledge property" and "The theory of compromise", point out their shortcoming and pinpoint the different between the right of goodwill and the right of others on the scope of main body and content. As a result we point that the right of goodwill is a special right which has the character of personality and the character of immateriality fortune. At last we analyze the character and the content of the right of goodwill.
The second part gives the detail analysis of protect style of the right of goodwill in law. At first, we review the legislation of our country and other countries. We analyzed the existing law and practice predications to show the state of our country''s legislation. Through the analysis of experience of legislation and practice in Taiwan, German, France, England and American, we show the special character of the right of goodwill deeply. And give the reference to the choice of protect style of the right of goodwill in law. And second, we give the idea of the legislation of our country''s protect style of the right of goodwill. That is, based the Civil law and with the aid of the 《Criminal law》 and 《Against unfair compete law》, give priority to civil responsibility, and with the aid of administration responsibility and criminal  responsibility, complement each other, to get a uniform law system. And more, we analyzed the inscape and behave form of the action of infracting the right of goodwill deeply, and list some behave from of the action of infracting the right of goodwill. By these analysis, we make the protect style of the right of goodwill to be embodiment and make it can be operated. At last, we analyzed the responsibility form in law of infracting the right of goodwill and the suited rule of it. And analyzed the character of the suited rule of the hurt and atonement responsibility, i.e. we must pay attention to the lost of goodwill as an intangible assets. We also give the way to calculate the lost of goodwill.

关键词  商誉,商誉权,法律保护,自由词  
分类标识  D923  
论文注解日期  19981215  
总页数  38P