哈贝马斯等签署，原文为英文（后附），此中文本何志鹏译
[译者按：本宣言的基本情况，於兴中教授在其译稿（哈贝马斯等：第二十二届世界法哲学及社会哲学年会《格拉纳达全球化宣言》，http://www.legaltheory.com.cn/info.asp?id=9411）中已作说明，不必重复。值得思考的是：宣言中所称之问题是“全球化导致的问题”还是“全球化进程中的现象”？甚至有一些根本不是全球化进程中的现象？所列举的解决问题的手段是否充分？是否现实？是否经济？]
过去的数十年，在经济、政治和社会关系上所获得的层面与特质逐渐超越了国家的疆界与国家的权力，忽略了人民之间的管理与政治上的区分。
私人的行为与决定，无论其何许遥远，均可通过传媒而沟通，通过新的信息技术、经济网络和人民的迁移，来影响到世界任何地方的人民的生活与命运。
而今，诸多人类活动在全球的水平上进行，我们是全球社会中互动洪流中主动或被动的参与者。为表述这一新的现实，我们采用了新的概念“全球化”。然而，我们并不应该忘记，这是一个复杂的、多面的而且日益强大的网状结构。现在已经存在经济全球化，主要包括金融市场的全球化、货物、服务、劳工世界市场的扩张。显然，我们面临着在很大层面上远离国家权威的超国家或者跨国经济。经济全球化是我们时代的社会弊病尤为恶化。
然而，这并不仅仅是一个经济问题。还存在着文化类型的全球化、环境影响的全球化、交通的全球化以及不安全因素和冲突的全球化。
我们确知，此种人类交流的复杂增长导致了世界人口某些部分的经济富裕程度的增长，文化程度的丰足。然而，与此同时，我们也看到了令人震惊的灾难，文化的贫乏以及边缘化。这影响着数以百万计的人们，缺少食品、缺少可饮用的水、传染疾病、文盲和迷信仅仅是整个人类生活的一个侧面。国家之间、大型公司之间以及所有的经济参与者之间的全球经济纽带，经常伴随着超越任何控制的金融投机、对于工人邪恶的剥削、对于儿童持久且与日俱增的掠夺，对于妇女的歧视，以及所有人民将其天然资源置于腐败和非法政治当权者的控制之下。
所以，全球化的社会是结构混乱、对亿万人民具有负面影响的社会。采用流行的语汇，我们可以称之为“全球的不公正”。
毫无疑问，此种不公正以及社会的不均衡导致了无法阻止的移民者，这些人为极端的贫困所推动，怀着一线希望，一次又一次的企图进入外国领土。无论这些国家（对移民者）怀着何种敌意，他们毕竟提供了一种有尊严的生存的、遥远的可能。
通过计算机网络而进行的、不能禁止的信息侵入和交流，虽然带着美妙的文化与科学的标识，并不试图掩盖这样的事实：数以千计的人们，疏离于其所陌生的文化，转向其传统和信仰以求庇护。这种行为会引起民族之间的不宽容、激进的民族主义和宗教上的原教旨主义，带来国际关系的紧张显而易见的增加并最终导致恐怖主义和战争。
我们还注意到对于环境与日俱增的威胁、对天然资源无理性的掠夺以及对不可再生的环境遗产的不加控制的消耗。
新的经济社会与文化关系需要新的国际秩序。全球化至少意味着，全球社会程序缺乏足够的控制和管理，经常被少有或毫无民主合法性的强权所领导。迄今为止，民族国家的权力已达致了一定程度上的社会正义，至少在某些发达国家是如此。对于国家疆界的破除以及国家权力或许再也无法解决的严重的社会弊病需要更有效力的权威和治理。至关重要的是，它们必须具有合法性。从一定意义上说，可以认为全球化是一个新的社会现象，它将国际社会置于某种野蛮状态，所以需要一定程度的理性。国家民主的范式已经变得不再充分，虽然国家仍然是国际秩序的主要参加者。它们可能在阻止已经成为跨越国家边界现象的新的经济、政治、文化关系方式体系的不良影响上还能有效运作。主导法律与正义的国际关系每天都在变得越来越复杂多样，但它们并不试图变得更强。鼓励这些（价值）的国际组织无法实施它们，它们的话语降低到仅仅是空洞的口号，然而实际的国际交往却变得不可预期，复杂多变。不公正和不平等在增加，构成全球公民社会的非政府组织和私人团体，在反对这些情势方面发出声音，却难以做得更多。
与此相似，国际权威与机构面临着严重的民主缺失。我们需要强化并给予现行的国际机构更多的合法性，无论是严格政治意义上的，还是经济意义上的国际机构。我们需要创制新的机构，以减少在这些新的社会状态面前的民主状态弱化趋势。
更为真诚、更关注严重问题的政治辩论至关重要，而非战略和口号。因而，我们深感我们有责任号召我们的政府与公民、国际组织与大的国际性机构，采取新的、决定性的态度，并整合平等与自由作为全人类的有效价值，以使全球化的所有方面均归属于法治原则。此种法律应当越来越多地服从于普遍民众的愿望，而非少数人的意志。二十一世纪面临着构建崭新的、以人权为法律与政治基础的世界秩序的巨大挑战。为达到此一目标，我们深感必须在最崇高的意义上回到政治上来，使人民寻回其觉悟并享受其权利。
2005年5月27日
格拉纳达
THE GRANADA DECLARATION ON GLOBALIZATION
（此因文本为扫描后经光学识别的文本，虽经校对，仍可能有错误）
The development of economic, political and social relationships over the past few decades has acquired dimensions and characteristics that are gradually rising above frontiers and State powers, ignoring the administrative and political divisions between peoples.
Individual acts and decisions, however remote, can be transported by the media, the new information technologies, economic networks and movements of people in a manner that can affect the life and destinies of distant peoples anywhere in the world.
Many human activities now take place at global level. We are active and passive agents in a great river of interactions in a global society. To express this new reality, we use the generic term globalization’. However, we should not forget that it is a complex, many-faceted network that is increasingly more vast and intense. There is an economic globalization consisting primarily in the globalization of financial markets, the expansion of an international market of goods, services and workers. Obviously, we are facing the birth of a super state or transnational economy that largely escapes State authority. Economic globalization is making the social ills of our times even worse.
However, this is not only an economic issue. There is also a globalization of cultural patterns, of environmental effects, of communications and also of insecurity and conflicts.
We know that the outcome of this complex increase in human exchanges has been an increase in economic well-being and a cultural enrichment for some segments of the world population. However, at the same time, we are witnessing the appalling suffering, lack of culture and marginalization that threatens millions of human beings. Lack of food, lack of access to drinking water, endemic diseases, illiteracy and superstition are the only horizon in the lives of entire populations. Global economic ties between countries, large corporations and all kinds of economic agents are frequently accompanied by financial speculation beyond all control, wicked exploitation of workers, the persistent and increasing exploitation of children, discrimination of women and entire peoples dispossessed of their natural resources through corruption and bribery of illegitimate political authorities.
Thus, the globalized society is a poorly structured society with a perverse effect on hundreds of millions of human beings. Following the terminology in vogue, we could talk of ‘global injustice’.
There can be no doubt that such injustice and social imbalances give rise to unstoppable flows of immigrants who, pushed by extreme need, attempt again and again to enter foreign countries, against all hope. However hostile these countries may be, they offer a remote possibility of survival with dignity.
The unstoppable invasion of messages and communications of all kinds via computer networks, with their wonderful cultural and scientific logos, do not manage to hide the fact that thousands of human beings, alienated from a strange culture, turn to their traditions and beliefs in search of refuge. This reaction may promote ethnic intolerance, aggressive nationalism and religious fundamentalism, with an obvious increase of strained international relationships and the eventual appearance of terrorism and war.
We also observe increasing threats to the environment, the irrational exploitation of natural resources and an uncontrolled consumption of an irreplaceable environmental heritage.
The new system of economic, social and cultural relationships demands a new international order. Among other things, globalization means a social process under scant control and governance, frequently lead by powers with little or no democratic legitimacy. Until now, the power of nation-States had achieved some degree of social justice, at least in the developed States. The breaking up of state borders and serious social ills that state powers may no longer be able to solve demand more effective authority and governance. Above all, they must be more legitimate. In a sense, it could be said that globalization is a new social phenomenon that has placed the international society in a kind of wild state that requires a degree of rationalization. The paradigm of state democracy has become insufficient, although States are still the main players in the international order. They may still work effectively to stop the perverse effects of a new system of economic, political, social and cultural relationships that is becoming a reality beyond State boundaries. The law and justice that presides international relations becomes increasingly complex and diverse each day but they do not manage to become stronger. The international organisations that encourage them are incapable of implementing them. Their discoursed is reduced to mere exhortations, whereas actual international exchanges have become unpredictable and anonymous. Injustice and inequality are growing. Non-governmental organisations and the individuals and groups that make up global civil society are playing an important role in denouncing these situations, but they can do little more.
Likewise, international authorities and institutions suffer very serious democratic deficiencies. We need to strengthen and give more legitimacy to current international institutions, whether they are strictly political or economic. We need to create new institutions that will be capable of lessening the weakness of democratic States in the face of these new social situations.
It is essential to make political debate more honest and more concerned with important problems, instead of strategies and slogans. Therefore, we feel that it is our duty to call our governments and fellow citizens, international organisations and the big international institutions to adopt a new and decisive attitude, and to integrate equality and freedom as effective values for all human beings so that all aspects of globalization will be subject to the rule of law. Increasingly, this law should obey the will of people in general and not the will of a few. The 21St century faces the huge challenge of constituting a new world order in which human rights will be the real foundation of law and politics. To achieve this, we feel that it is essential to return to politics in the noblest sense, and for citizens to recover their awareness and appreciation of their rights.
Granada, 27 May 2005
