题　名  贪污贿赂犯罪若干问题思考  
作　者  郭立庆  
作者单位  吉林大学,法学院,长春市 130012  
专　业  刑法学  
指导教师  张旭  
学位级别  303  
馆藏索取号  3990095  
中文文摘  本文是一篇从司法实践角度剖析刑法条文,探讨贪污贿赂犯罪预防的论文。全文共分三部分:贪污贿赂犯罪构成主体即国家工作人员范围之思考；贪污(受贿)罪数额规定之思考；贪污贿赂犯罪惩治与防范的思考。
论文第一部分首先列举了79年以来,有关国家工作人员范围的法律规定，然后通过一小案例引出关于国家工作人员范围的争议。文中对“国家机关工作人员范围”、“在国有公司、企业、事业单位、人民团体中从事公务人员和受委派从事公务人员”,“公务的涵义”“如何理解其他依照法律从事公务人员,以国家工作人员论”以及村委会成员、供销员等几种特殊人员的身份归属作了详尽的分析。文中指出,根据我国的具体国情“中国共产党的各级机关”、“政协的各级机关”应属于国家工作人员,村委会、居委会成员、售票员、收款员、供销员等几种特殊人员非受委派从事公务,不能以国家工作人员论。文中指出,正确适用第93条的关键是把握住国家工作人员的本质特征即“从事公务”, 弄清“公务”与“劳务”的区别。掌握了这一根本,就不难对遇到的主体问题做出正确的判断。笔者在文中特别强调,“两高”司法解释的矛盾是造成司法实践争议的主要原因,为维护法律尊严,更好地惩治贪污贿赂犯罪,应尽快在司法实践各部门中达成共识。
论文第二部分从“数额功能的反思”和“数额规定欠缺合理性”正反两方面论述了对刑法第383条、第386条的理解。笔者指出，当前司法实践中把“五千元”作为贪污（受贿）罪与非罪的唯一标准的做法是违背立法精神的。从贪污(受贿)罪的性质归属、罪刑法定原则的运用两方面分析,贪污(受贿)罪的成立应该是“数额与情节”的统一。文中指出“不满五千元”是否有下限,司法实践难以适度操作,这一规定导致了实践中“五千元”是罪与非罪标准的错误作法，不利于从严治吏。刑法关于贪污(受贿)罪数额的明确规定破坏了罪刑相适应原则和刑法面前人人平等原则,并以盗窃罪为例,作了对比分析。
论文第三部分从三个方面阐述了贪污贿赂犯罪的惩治与防范必须法律与社会措施并举。完善科学的立法是惩贪治贿、预防犯罪的前提,建立完善的配套制度是防止贪污贿赂犯罪重要环节,严格执法是惩治、防范贪污贿赂犯罪的关键。笔者指出,“巨额财产来源不明罪”的刑事责任与贪污(受贿)罪的刑事责任差距过大,“挪用公款归单位使用”应规定为挪用公款罪,“挪用公款不退还”应作贪污处理或者加重其处罚。文中同时指出，建立独立的反贪专门机构,有法必依是打击贪污贿赂犯罪的有效措施。为防止贪污贿赂犯罪的滋生蔓延,应健全权力制衡与监督制度,完善公务员制度,并充分发挥新闻舆论的重要作用。

英文文摘  The Paper analyses the articles of the Criminal law and discusses the prevention of the corruption or bribery crime from the viewpoint of judicature practice. It consists of three parts the analysis on the subject of the corruption or bribery crime, that is, the state staff member, the analysis on the stipulation of the corruption and briber crime amount; and the analysis on the punishment and prevent ion of the corrupt ton or bribery crime.
Part One lists the judicial stipu1ation since the year of 1997 on the scope of the state staff member and then a case leads to the dispute on the scope. The author thinks that the all level organs of the Communist Party of China and the all-level organs of the Chinese People''s Political Consultative Conference should be regarded as state organs in accordance with the situation in China and the public affairs working staff in the CPC and CPPCC should belong to the state, working staff, The village administrative commission members the resident administrative commission members, the ticket, sales people, the clerks, the members of the supplying and saies cooperative societies and other several special personnel cannot be regarded as the state staff member because they do the public affairs without being cut rusted . The author''s opinion is that the key for the appreciate using of Article 93 is to grasp the essential feature of the state staff member, that is, doing public affairs and make clear the difference between public affairs and services. Grasping the essential feature makes it easy to make the right judgement on all the problems The author specially notes that the contradictory judicial definitions between the Super Court and the Super Procuratorate is the major reason for the deputes in the judicial practices.
Part two expounds the understanding of the Article 383 and the Article 386 of the Criminal Law from such both positive and negative viewpoints as the function of the amount and the lack of reasonability of the amount stipulation. The author thinks that taking the exceeding of 5000 RMB yuan as the only standard for the corruption or bribery crime has violated the legislative spirit. The analysis on the feature of the corruption or bribery crime and the principle of deterring crime and punishment by law leads to the conclusion that the tenability of the corruption or bribery crime should be the unification of the amount and the circumstance. The author refers that it is hard for the judicial practice to operate on weather or not there is a prescribed minimum for the less than 5000 RMB yuan, and that the stipulation causes the wrong doing of taking the 5000 RMB yuan as the standard of crime and does no good to the strict managing of officials. The clear stipulation on the amount standard for the corrupt ion or bribery crime in the Criminal Law has violated the principle of the mutual adaptation between crime and punishment and the principle that everyone is equal before the Criminal Law. And taking the stealing crime as example and making a companion analysis.
Part Three explains from three aspects that the punishment and prevention of the corruption or bribery crime must depend on both legal and society measure. To punish and prevent the corruption or bribery crime, a perfect and. scientific legislation is the premium, establishing improved supporting measures are the important step, and strict enforcement of law is the key. The author thinks that the difference is too big on the criminal responsibilities of the crime of huge income''s unclear source and the corruption or briber crime misappropriating public funds for the using of institutions should be considered as the misappropriating public funds crime and misappropriating public funds without returning later should be considered as corruption or punished wore seriously. The author also refer that setting up a special anti-corruption sector and realizing the principle of enforcing all the law are the effective measures for beating the corruption or bribery crime. To prevent the expansion of the corruption or bribery crime, such measures should be taken as improving the system of power restriction and supervision, perfecting the state servant system and playing full role of public opinion and media.

关键词  贪污贿赂犯罪,惩治,防范,自由词  
分类标识  D924.33  
论文注解日期  19990315  
总页数  52P